Heating appliance



rA. P. LlvAR HEATING APPLIANCE Filed April 6, 1942 'TORNEYS.

`ing to the flue 23.

Patented Nov. 20, 1945 HEATING APPLIANCE Allen P. Livar, Dayton, Ohio, assigner to Chrysler Corporation, Detroit, Mich., a corporation of Delaware Application April .6, 1942, Serial No. 437,801

2 Claims.

My present invention relates to' heating appliances, having particular regard to the construction of -a heating appliance whereby the appliance may be converted from natural draft combustion to forced draft combustion without change other than to add the forced draft blower.

'Ihe present invention is particularly concerned with the type of burner comprising a .perforated receptacle in which liquid fuel is vaporized by the retained heat of previously burned fuel and the vapors are mixed with combustion supporting air entering the receptacle through the perforations in the receptacle. The invention may be embodied in a furnace or some other type of heating appliance, such as a boiler, space heater, water heater, or the like.

The invention will be more fully understood by reference to the following specification taken in connection with the accompanying drawing wherein like numerals refer to like parts throughout.

In the drawing,

Fig. l discloses a warm air furnace with parts broken away to show the interior construction, the furnace being provided with forced draft producing means;

Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken substantially along line 2--2 of Fig. 1 showing details of the construction; and,

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the same furnace adapted for natural draft combustion.

The furnace comprises a jacket lll enclosing and supporting a heat chamber ll, the jacket lbeing adapted to rest upon a lower air collector box I2 having an opening i3 for the admission of air to be heated. The air rising upwardly about the walls of the heat chamber I l is heated and ejected through the exit opening surrounded by the duct connector ange It.

The heat chamber may have any convenient shape, as illustrated the chamber comprising an upper drum-shaped portion l5 and a lower portion i6 having a lateral extension therefrom terminating in an access opening Il which matches an opening through a side wall of the jacket I0. The upper portion l5 may have 'an extension i8 leading to an opening in the jacket lll and across which may be placed an inspection door I9 having a glass panel 2i] therein through which the flame may be examined. Theupper portion is provided with al llame spreading baffle 2l and is connected to a iiue connector 22 leadvided with an adjustable draft regulating device 24: lOther 'types of fire chambers may be provided, the one illustrated being fairly efficient and easily assembled.

The iire chamber is divided in to the upper and lower portions `by a horizontal baille 26 extending across the re chamber at the upper edge of the access opening l'l. Th1-baille ispreferably provided with a flange 26 by means of which the baille may be welded into the drum. The baille extends forward to the opening ll to provide the top wall of the access opening extension from the lire chamber body.

An oil burner of the fuel vaporizing type is suspended from the batlie 25, preferably by means of wing-nut fasteners 2l easily reached through the access opening il. The burner preferably v comprises a combustion ring 28, forming in edect The flue is preferably proan extension of baille 25, and provided with a centralized opening 29 through which the flame may enter the upper portion of the fire chamber. The lside wall 30 of the burner is, preferably cylindrical in shape and is attached to the combustion ring 28, the side walls being provided with a plurality of rows of combustion supporting air admitting perforations 3l. The bottom of the burner is preferably provided by means of a dishshaped stamping 32 permanently connected to the side wall 30. A pilot ring 33 for the purpose of supporting a pilot name maybe mounted in the burner. Fuel may be admitted to the interior of the burner through a spud 3d extending from the bottom 32 and into which is threaded a supply tube 3E leading to a fuel metering device 36. Details of the burner receptacle and of the fuel metering device are not essential to the present invention, there being many such devices wellknown to those skilled in the art. The lower por- A tion i6 of the iire chamber is divided horizontally by a lower baffle dll extending to the access opening ll. This bame is preferably formed with a flange tl which may be welded to the wall of the fire chamber and is provided with a. large opening '42 preferably centrally located beneath the bottom 32 of the burner receptacle.

f The. bottom of the iire chamber is also preferably provided by welding a anged plate it to sion. The cover plate is provided with a. small opening 48 through which the supply tube 35 passes, the supply tube being rotatable therein so that it may be unscrewed from the spud 34 to permit removal of the cover plate. 'Ihe cover plate is provided with an air inlet opening 50 of substantially the same dimensions as the crosssection through the air inlet passage M.

As seen in Fig. 3 the air inlet opening 5l) may be left open so as to provide means for air to be drawn into the space M due to the chimney effect of the heating appliance. As seen in Figs. l and 2, the air inlet opening 5D may be closed by a removable blower mounting plate 5l retained by bo1ts.52 passing through threaded holes 53 in the cover plate 45. The blower mounting plate is provided with an inlet opening 54 which communicates with the outlet 55 of a forced draft blower 58 mounted upon the plate 5I.

As is well known to those skilled in the art the amount of fuel consumed in a burner receptacle of a certain size has a substantially constant maximum, and the fire chamber associated therewith must be of a certain size in relation to its heat transmission factor in order to support this maximum combustion. The purpose of the present invention is to provide the same type of heating appliance either with or Without forced draft, either type of combustion having certain advantages. Accordingly, the air inlet opening 50 is large enough to admit all the air required to support the maximum combustion permissible in the given size of receptacle under natural draft, and the forced draft blower is proportioned to supply all the air required to support substantially the same amount of combustion under forced draft. Accordingly, the factory may fabricate and the dealers may stock a number of the heating appliances and a lesser number of the blower mounting plates and attached blowers so as to be able instantly to fill orders for heating appliances having either natural or forced draft.

The baille 40 is not absolutely necessary for natural draft combustion but is preferable since it is desirable to evenly distribute the air around the sides of the receptacle under natural draft. With the higher temperatures generated by forced draft it becomes extremely advisable, first, to distribute the air evenly around the burner receptacle and, second, to direct a cooling airstream against the bottom of the receptacle.

In Fig. 1 I have illustrated a blower control device 6U connected to the blower motor (not shown) through cable 6I. Many such devices are known whereby the action of the metering device to control high or pilot llame fuel flow is coordinated with the starting and stopping of the blower motor. In Fig. 3 this device has been removed as it is not necessary for natural draft.

Having illustrated `and described a preferred embodiment of my present invention, it should' between, an upper horizontally disposed bame extending across the chamber formed by said member and dividing the same into upper and lower sections, a perforated oil-vaporizing burner receptacle in said chamber lower section supported in suspended relation from said baille, said baille having an opening through which flame from said burner receptacle can enter the upper section of said chamber. said jacket and said member each having an opening therein arranged in registering relation and of such size and shape relative to saidburner receptacle as toreadily accommodate passage of the latter therethrough, a lower horizontally disposed baiiie extending across the chamber at a level so spaced beneath said burner receptacle and above the bottom of the chamber as to form an air receiving compartment intermediate said receptacle'and said bottom, said compartment registering with a portion of said registering openings. a portion of said upper baffle extending between said member and jacket adjacent said registering openings forming a closed partition between said chamber lower section and the space between said jacket and member, and a cover plate for the opening in said jacket having an air admitting opening therein so aligned with said compartment as to present a direct and substantially uninterrupted airflow path into said compartment, said lower baflie having an ,opening for the passage therethrough of air from said compartment to said burner receptacle to Support combustion of the fuel, said appliance having an opening for admitting air to be heated to the space between said member and said jacket.

2. A heating appliance including an exterior jacket having an opening therein, a heat chamber forming member within said jacket and so spaced therefrom as to accommodate circulation of air to be heated therebetween, an upper horizontally disposed baille extending across said member dividing said chamber into upper and lower sections, a perforatedoil-vaporizing burner receptacle in said chamber lower section supported in suspended relation from said baille, a wall portion of said member adjacent said jacket opening terminating at said baille to provide an opening registering with said baleopening, said registering openings being of such size and shape relative to said receptacle as to readily accommodate passage of the latter therethrough, said baille extending between lsaid terminating wall portion and the adjacent wall portion of said jacket to thereby form a closed partition between said chamber lower section and the air circulating space between said jacket and member, a lower horizontally disposed baille extending across said chamber lower section between said member and jacket and secured thereto and forming an air receiving compartment intermediate said receptacle and the bottom of said chamber, said compartment registering with at least a portion of said registering openings, and a cover plate for the opening in said jacket having an air admitting opening aligned with said ccmpartment, said lower baffle having an opening for admitting combustion supporting air to said receptacle, said appliance having an opening for admitting air to be heated to the space between said jacket and member.

ALLEN P. LIVAR. 

